How Does ADHD Affect a Teen's Life?
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is not always diagnosed in childhood, but the symptoms begin in childhood. Children with ADHD typically have a harder time focusing than children without the condition, as well as have the tendency to be impulsive. This can make it difficult to perform well at school or in other activities. ADHD and Substance Abuse
Research is not clear as to what causes a person to have ADHD but it is believed to be underlying issues with the brain. One specific reason that researchers are looking into is dopamine and how it can contribute to ADHD .
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that allows us to regulate our emotions. It is the ‘reward’ system of the brain. People with ADHD have different levels of dopamine than people without it. It is believed because neurons in the brain have lower concentrations of a protein called dopamine transporter density or DTD.
There are prescription medications that can increase dopamine levels. These medications target dopamine transporters and raise the dopamine levels.
Dopamine can also be increased by other drugs like marijuana, and as a result it can make a person feel ‘better’ for the time being. As usage continues, the body will start to build a tolerance to these substances resulting in the need to increase usage in order to reach the desired feeling of normalcy. This increase can lead to substance abuse and addiction.
Kids can be drawn to the calming effects of different substances. There are several theories as to why ADHD can increase the risk for substance abuse :
Impulsivity, poor judgment and school troubles that can go along with ADHD may increase the risk for initiating substance use.
There could be a genetic link between ADHD and the vulnerability for developing a substance use disorder.
Individuals with ADHD may try to use psychoactive drugs to self-medicate.
**Having another mental health disorder, like depression or anxiety, makes kids with ADHD more likely to abuse substances. Kids who are struggling in school or with friends might also end up spending time with other kids who are more likely to take risks and experiment with drugs or alcohol.
What Parents Can Do
Pay close attention to any change in behavior, even if you think it could be attributed to your child's ADHD.
Communicate with your teen about safe and acceptable behavior. Set an example by not misusing alcohol, tobacco, or illegal drugs yourself.
Pay attention to your child's friends. If your child is hanging out with someone who is into drugs, it is very highly likely that your child may be exposed to drugs as well.
Talk with your child about the importance of using all medications, including stimulants, exactly as prescribed. Discuss side effects and other concerns with your child's doctor.
Sharing, selling, or distributing prescription stimulants is always illegal and is dangerous. Keep a close eye on your teens' ADHD medication, as prescription drug abuse among teens is on the rise. Make sure your child understands that he should never give his medication to anyone.
Do not keep the medication in a public place such as in the bathroom or the kitchen or anywhere else people can see it. Make sure it's locked up or put away and monitored. Teach your kids to be responsible for their medication, too. Help her learn to manage her ADHD and to own her condition, and be aware that she is at higher risk for certain problems.